The cost of new teacher-evaluation systems is likely to vary based on how states and districts choose to establish student-growth measures for all teachers, according to an analysis from a researcher at the Value-Added Research Center, a research evaluation firm and contractor located at the University of Wisconsin-Madison's Wisconsin Center for Education Research.

The analysis compares three different ways of creating these growth measures, something nearly all states are facing because "value added" measures, based on math and reading standardized tests, only cover a fraction of the teaching population.

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