What do students believe about learning and intelligence?

What do students believe about learning and intelligence?
This study examined reported attitudes and beliefs about growth mindset (the belief that intelligence and academic ability are not fixed and can be increased through effort and learning) for a sample of students and teachers in grades 4-12 in Nevada's Clark County School District.
 
Three-quarters of students reported having beliefs that are consistent with a growth mindset. The average growth mindset score across all students was 4 on a scale of 1 to 5 (where 1 indicates agreement with all statements that suggest a fixed-ability mindset, and 5 indicates disagreement). In addition, reported beliefs were found to differ depending on students' ethnicity, school year, prior achievement and whether students were native English speakers or not. For example, the average growth mindset score for students with English as an Additional Language (EAL) was lower (3.5) than the average growth mindset score for non-EAL students (4.0). Lower-achieving students reported lower levels of growth mindset than their higher-achieving peers (a difference of 0.8 points). 
Teachers' average growth mindset score was 0.5 points higher than their students (4.5 compared with 4.0). For the most part, their beliefs regarding growth mindset did not vary significantly depending on the characteristics of the students attending their schools.

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